Resumo: Neste seminário discutirei um modelo de opiniões discreto (3 estados) na presença de ruído e desordem. Consideramos interações competitivas entre pares de indivíduos, com uma fração p dessas interações sendo negativas (desordem). Além disso, há um ruído q que representa a probabilidade de um indivíduo alterar a sua opinião espontaneamente para o estado neutro. O objetivo é estudar como o aumento/diminuição da fração de agentes neutros afeta o comportamento crítico do sistema e a evolução das opiniões. Derivarei expressões analíticas para o parâmetro de ordem do modelo, bem como para a fração estacionária de cada opinião, e mostrarei que ocorrem transições de fase distintas no modelo. Uma delas é a usual transição de ferro-paramagnética, que pertence à classe de universalidade de Ising. Além disso, há transições para estados absorventes tanto vindo do estado ferro quanto do paramagnético, e essas transições pertencem à classe de universalidade da percolação direcionada. Os resultados analíticos são complementados por simulações computacionais.
Discussão
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